This leadership change comes as Brazil prepares for its presidential election next year and faces significant judicial rulings, including ongoing trials related to former President Jair Bolsonaro, who is accused of attempting to overturn the 2022 election results.

Fachin, 67, was appointed to the court in 2015 and is well-known for his role in the “Car Wash” corruption investigation, which led to the conviction of several prominent political figures. Moraes is currently overseeing Bolsonaro’s trial and previously led Brazil’s top electoral court, which barred Bolsonaro from holding public office until 2030 due to his actions during the 2022 election.

Recently, Moraes faced international criticism and sanctions for allegedly authorising arbitrary detentions and limiting freedom of expression, but he defended the judiciary’s independence and commitment to the constitution.

Fachin was elected unanimously by his fellow justices and will succeed Luis Roberto Barroso, following a tradition where the most senior justice who has not yet been chief justice takes on the role every two years.

In his remarks, Barroso praised Fachin’s moral and intellectual qualities, while Fachin expressed his dedication to promoting pluralism and dialogue within the court.

Both Fachin and Moraes will officially begin their new roles on September 29. Moraes has indicated that the court aims to conclude the trial involving Bolsonaro and others accused of attempting a coup before the end of this year.