Speaking during a Pentagon briefing on Friday, Hegseth said the U.S. military campaign originally focused on the Strait of Hormuz and Iranian coastal waters has widened to include Iranian-linked vessels operating across international sea lanes.

According to officials, U.S. forces have already intercepted or turned back more than 30 ships suspected of transporting Iranian oil or violating sanctions, as part of a broader effort to restrict Tehran’s export capacity and maritime influence.

Expansion of maritime enforcement

Hegseth described the blockade as “fluid and expanding,” indicating that U.S. naval operations are no longer limited to the Gulf region.

“Any vessel that meets the criteria whether heading to or from Iranian ports or linked to sanctioned networks is subject to interdiction,” he said, according to officials present at the briefing.

He added that the operation is being supported by additional naval deployments, including an expanded carrier presence in the Middle East and Indian Ocean regions, aimed at tracking Iran’s so-called “shadow fleet” of oil tankers.

Recent military actions include the seizure of tankers in the Indian Ocean and the interception of ships accused of transporting Iranian crude outside legal export channels.

Strategic chokepoint under pressure

The blockade is heavily concentrated around the Strait of Hormuz, a critical maritime chokepoint through which roughly one-fifth of global oil flows. U.S. officials say Iran has attempted to assert counter-control over shipping lanes, including imposing tolls and briefly restricting passage during heightened tensions.

The U.S. maintains that the maritime operation is designed to enforce sanctions and deter what it describes as Iranian destabilization of global energy routes.

Escalating military and diplomatic tension

The expanded blockade comes amid ongoing U.S.–Iran tensions that have included ship seizures, drone activity and competing claims of control over Gulf shipping lanes. Recent operations have seen both sides detain or redirect commercial vessels, increasing instability in one of the world’s most important energy corridors.

At the same time, Washington has kept diplomatic channels open. Hegseth reiterated that Iran still has an opportunity to reach a negotiated settlement with the United States, warning that continued defiance would bring further economic and military pressure.

“This blockade is the polite version of what can happen next,” he previously warned, signaling that military escalation remains on the table if negotiations fail.

Global implications

Analysts warn that the widening maritime crackdown could have significant consequences for global oil markets, shipping insurance costs and supply chain stability. Oil prices have already risen sharply amid disruptions in Gulf shipping routes.

Meanwhile, diplomatic efforts remain fragile, with no confirmed breakthrough in ceasefire or long-term agreement talks between Washington and Tehran.

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Speaking during a Cabinet meeting, Trump said Iran permitted up to ten oil tankers to transit the narrow waterway, which had been largely restricted during weeks of heightened military confrontation. He characterized the move as a “present” from Tehran, suggesting it could indicate a willingness to ease tensions.

Conflicting Signals Amid Ongoing Conflict

The claim comes at a time of intense instability in the region, where the United States and Israel remain engaged in military operations against Iran. The Strait of Hormuz through which roughly a fifth of the world’s oil supply passes has become a focal point of the crisis.

Iran had previously restricted access to the strait, allowing only selected vessels often from allied or neutral countries to pass.

While Trump framed the reported tanker passage as a concession, Iranian officials have not confirmed the gesture in the same terms. Instead, Tehran has continued to reject U.S. proposals and insists on its own conditions for any ceasefire, including an end to hostilities and recognition of its authority over the waterway.

Strategic Importance of the Strait

The Strait of Hormuz remains one of the most critical chokepoints in global energy supply. Even partial disruptions have sent oil prices surging and triggered concerns over global economic stability.

Recent weeks have seen a dramatic decline in shipping traffic due to security threats, including mines, missile risks, and drone attacks. Military analysts warn that reopening the strait fully would require extensive operations to neutralize Iran’s coastal defenses and naval capabilities.

Military Escalation Continues

The reported tanker movement coincides with continued military escalation. Israel recently claimed responsibility for killing a senior Iranian naval commander in a strike aimed at weakening Tehran’s control over the strait.

Meanwhile, the White House has said it is closely monitoring tanker movements and exploring options to ensure safe passage, including potential naval escorts.

Trump has repeatedly warned Iran to reopen the waterway completely, at one point threatening to target Iranian energy infrastructure if access is not restored.

Uncertainty Over Motives

It remains unclear whether the reported passage of tankers represents a coordinated diplomatic signal, a limited operational decision by Iran, or a symbolic gesture exaggerated for political effect.

Some reports indicate the vessels may have been operating under foreign flags, including Pakistani registration, raising further questions about the nature and authorization of the transit.

Global Implications

Any easing of restrictions in the Strait of Hormuz could have immediate effects on global oil markets, where prices have surged amid fears of prolonged disruption.

However, analysts caution that isolated tanker movements do not necessarily signal a broader reopening of the route, particularly as hostilities continue and both sides maintain hardline positions.

For now, the situation remains fluid, with the Strait of Hormuz at the center of both geopolitical tensions and global economic concerns.

The negotiations, taking place in Geneva, are aimed at finding a pathway back to compliance and de-escalation after years of strained relations following the U.S. withdrawal from the 2015 nuclear agreement. While both sides have signaled willingness to engage, there is little clear indication of compromise, with major sticking points remaining around uranium enrichment levels, sanctions relief, and verification mechanisms.

Diplomatic sources suggest that the talks will be conducted indirectly, with intermediaries relaying messages between the delegations. This format underscores the deep mistrust that continues to define relations between Washington and Tehran.

Meanwhile, the United States has reportedly massed a significant military presence in the region, including naval and air assets, in what officials describe as a precautionary measure amid rising tensions. The move has further heightened concerns that diplomacy may falter, potentially paving the way for military confrontation.

Iranian officials maintain that their nuclear programme is for peaceful purposes and insist that any agreement must deliver tangible economic benefits, particularly through the lifting of sanctions. U.S. officials, on the other hand, stress that preventing Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons remains a core national security priority.

As the talks unfold in Geneva, the international community watches closely, aware that the outcome could shape the security landscape of the Middle East and beyond. The stakes are high, with diplomacy and deterrence now moving in parallel tracks.