Paetongtarn, the youngest person ever to hold the position, is the sixth prime minister associated with the Shinawatra family to be ousted by either the military or the judiciary, in an ongoing power struggle that has defined Thai politics for over two decades.

The court ruled that she had violated ethical standards during a leaked phone call in June. In that call, she appeared to show deference to Cambodia’s influential former leader Hun Sen—previously an ally of the Shinawatra family—at a time when the two nations were on the verge of armed conflict. A border skirmish broke out several weeks later and lasted for five days.

The verdict clears the way for a new prime minister to be elected by parliament, a process that could take time. Paetongtarn’s Pheu Thai party, now weakened by the ruling, faces challenges in maintaining a fragile coalition with a very slim majority.

In a 6-3 decision, the court concluded that Paetongtarn had prioritised personal interests over national ones, causing reputational harm to the country and diminishing public trust.

“Due to a personal relationship that appeared aligned with Cambodia, the respondent was consistently willing to comply with or act in accordance with the wishes of the Cambodian side,” the court said.

Her removal brings an early end to the leadership of Thaksin Shinawatra’s daughter and political heir. At 39 years old, Paetongtarn was relatively new to politics when she stepped into the role following the surprise dismissal of her predecessor, Srettha Thavisin, by the same court a year ago.

Paetongtarn called for reconciliation in the wake of the decision.

“All I wanted was to safeguard the lives of people, whether soldiers or civilians. I was determined to do all I can to protect their lives before the violent clashes,” she told reporters.

In a ceremony held at Bangkok’s Dusit Palace, King Maha Vajiralongkorn formally endorsed the new ministers, including the appointment of veteran politician Phumtham Wechayachai as acting Prime Minister and Interior Minister.

Phumtham, a trusted lieutenant of former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra Paetongtarn’s father had previously served as Deputy Prime Minister and Defense Minister under her administration. His elevation to the top post reflects a continuity of Shinawatra-aligned leadership despite Paetongtarn’s suspension.

Paetongtarn Shinawatra Demoted, But Not Removed

While suspended from her role as premier, Paetongtarn Shinawatra remains in the new cabinet, now holding the post of Minister of Culture. Critics call this a strategic move by the Pheu Thai Party to preserve her political visibility while sidestepping legal constraints imposed by the investigation.

“This is not an expulsion. It’s a repositioning,” said Chulalongkorn University political analyst Somchai Phatharathananunth. “Paetongtarn remains a central figure in Thai politics, and the new cabinet lineup confirms the Shinawatra family still holds the reins.”

The National Anti-Corruption Commission (NACC) launched an ethics probe last week into allegations that Paetongtarn held an unauthorized diplomatic discussion with a senior Cambodian official without notifying the Foreign Ministry potentially violating Thai constitutional norms.

Though no formal charges have been filed, the probe prompted the Constitutional Court to suspend her powers pending further review.

Phumtham: A Transitional or Long-Term Leader?

Phumtham Wechayachai, age 69, is widely regarded as a pragmatic operator within the ruling Pheu Thai Party and is seen as someone capable of holding together a fragile coalition. His swearing-in as Deputy Prime Minister and Interior Minister, alongside his acting leadership role, places him at the center of decision-making during a politically volatile period.

“We are committed to continuity and stability,” Phumtham said in a brief televised address after the swearing-in. “The government remains united, and we will continue serving the people’s interests.”

International observers say Phumtham’s appointment is likely a temporary compromise, with many expecting Paetongtarn to return to power if cleared by the court.

Third Prime Minister in One Week

Thailand’s government has been in a state of flux since Paetongtarn’s suspension earlier this week. In the interim, Deputy Prime Minister Suriya Jungrungreangkit briefly assumed leadership responsibilities before the Cabinet reshuffle brought Phumtham to the forefront.

The rapid turnover in leadership has raised eyebrows both domestically and abroad, with political opponents accusing the ruling party of using legal loopholes to maintain its grip on power.

“It’s musical chairs at the top while the public faces rising inflation, slow recovery, and stagnant wages,” said Korn Chatikavanij, a former finance minister and opposition leader.

A Cabinet of Loyalists and Balancing Acts

The newly sworn-in cabinet retains many core ministers from Paetongtarn’s previous administration, reflecting an intent to preserve policy continuity. Analysts note the reappointment of several Shinawatra-era figures, which underscores the enduring influence of the political dynasty.

At the same time, the government appears to be treading carefully to avoid provoking further institutional backlash. Several key portfolios such as Finance, Education, and Energy remain in the hands of coalition partners, preserving the delicate balance required to keep the ruling alliance intact.

What’s Next for Paetongtarn and Thai Politics?

Paetongtarn’s future hinges on the outcome of the ethics investigation. The Constitutional Court is expected to issue a preliminary ruling within the next 30 days, with full proceedings potentially stretching into the fall.

If cleared, she could reassume the premiership. If found in violation, the ruling Pheu Thai Party would be forced to nominate a new permanent leader, setting the stage for another power struggle within the coalition.

Until then, the political spotlight remains firmly fixed on the Shinawatra family and the resilience of their influence in Thai governance.