Kurdish leaders in Syria are advocating for a federal system as part of the country’s future, seeking greater autonomy and control over regional affairs. This push for federalism has gained traction, particularly in light of increasing concerns among Syria’s minority groups following the recent violent attacks against the Alawite community. Kurdish representatives have criticized the transitional government, led by interim president Ahmed al-Sharaa, for centralizing power and not fully embracing the country’s ethnic and cultural diversity.
In an important move, various Kurdish factions have reached a consensus on a political plan that includes a federal structure. Although this proposal has not yet been formally announced, it reflects the growing unity within the Kurdish political landscape. The Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), which holds significant control over the northeastern part of the country, had previously signed an agreement with the Syrian government to integrate Kurdish-run administrative and security structures into the national framework. However, Kurdish officials remain critical of the way Syria’s new leadership, particularly its Islamist elements, is handling the country’s transition, expressing concerns that the principles of inclusivity are not being upheld.
Badran Jia Kurd, a senior Kurdish representative, confirmed that all Kurdish factions are united on the need for a “federal, pluralistic, democratic parliamentary system.” This position marks a shift from the more cautious approach the Kurds had previously taken, where they spoke of decentralization without directly using the term “federalism.” While Syria’s Kurds are not seeking independence, they are adamant about having control over their affairs within the broader Syrian state.
The opposition from figures like Sharaa to a federal system is based on concerns that such a structure may not have broad support among Syrians and could undermine national unity. Despite this, the Kurdish vision for Syria emphasizes the importance of regional governance, including local legislative bodies, executive management, and security forces.
As Syria navigates its complex post-Assad future, the Kurdish push for federalism underscores the deepening divisions within the country, particularly regarding how to manage its diverse populations. The issue also affects neighboring countries, such as Turkey, which views the Kurdish political movements with suspicion due to their historical ties to groups deemed as security threats.
