A coalition of medical groups is challenging recent U.S. vaccine policy changes under Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy, arguing they could reduce vaccination rates.

The groups, including the American Academy of Pediatrics, claim Kennedy’s decisions have caused confusion. However, supporters of the changes say they promote a more individualized, patient-centered approach. In May, Kennedy directed the CDC to update guidance so COVID-19 vaccines for pregnant women and children are administered through shared decision-making with healthcare providers, emphasizing consultation over blanket recommendations.

In June, Kennedy restructured the CDC’s advisory panel, appointing members aligned with this approach. The panel later voted to shift toward individualized guidance, which the CDC adopted in October, replacing a broad recommendation with one that encourages informed discussions between doctors and patients. Advocates say this approach respects personal choice and strengthens trust in the healthcare system.

The medical groups claim the advisory panel was improperly reconstituted and want all votes since June invalidated, including recent changes to hepatitis B vaccine guidance for newborns. The Justice Department argues that the lawsuit is a policy disagreement, noting the changes are intended to enhance patient safety and informed decision-making rather than restrict access.

Judge Brian Murphy is reviewing whether the groups have legal standing, particularly after Kennedy noted that following official CDC guidance helps ensure clarity and safety in medical practice. If the case proceeds, it could further test the balance between public health guidance and individualized patient care.

Case: American Academy of Pediatrics et al v. Kennedy, U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts, No. 1:25-cv-11916.